Python中如何通过locals()函数获取当前作用域的字典？

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英文文档：Python 文档：locals() 函数内容：Update and return a dictionary representing the current local symbol table. Free variables are returned by locals() when it is called in function blocks, but not in class blocks. Return the local variables in the current scope.

英文文档：

locals()

Update and return a dictionary representing the current local symbol table. Free variables are returned by locals()when it is called in function blocks, but not in class blocks.

　　返回当前作用域内的局部变量和其值组成的字典

说明：

　　1. 函数功能返回当前作用域内的局部变量和其值组成的字典，与globals函数类似(返回全局变量)

>>> locals() {'__package__': None, '__loader__': <class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>, '__doc__': None, '__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__spec__': None} >>> a = 1 >>> locals() # 多了一个key为a值为1的项 {'__package__': None, '__loader__': <class '_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'>, 'a': 1, '__doc__': None, '__name__': '__main__', '__builtins__': <module 'builtins' (built-in)>, '__spec__': None}

　　2. 可用于函数内。

>>> def f(): print('before define a ') print(locals()) #作用域内无变量 a = 1 print('after define a') print(locals()) #作用域内有一个a变量，值为1 >>> f <function f at 0x03D40588> >>> f() before define a {} after define a {'a': 1}

　　3. 返回的字典集合不能修改。

>>> def f(): print('before define a ') print(locals()) # 作用域内无变量 a = 1 print('after define a') print(locals()) # 作用域内有一个a变量，值为1 b = locals() print('b["a"]: ',b['a']) b['a'] = 2 # 修改b['a']值 print('change locals value') print('b["a"]: ',b['a']) print('a is ',a) # a的值未变 >>> f() before define a {} after define a {'a': 1} b["a"]: 1 change locals value b["a"]: 2 a is 1 >>>

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