SpringMVC与SSM框架结合，如何实现表现层数据封装细节？

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目录SSM整合配置SSM整合流程Spring整合MybatisSpring整合SpringMVC功能模块开发接口测试表现层数据封装（前后端通信协议）表现层响应数据封装定义Result类封装响应结果表现层数据封装

目录

• SSM整合配置
• SSM整合流程
• Spring整合Mybatis
• Spring整合SpringMVC
• 功能模块开发
• 接口测试
• 表现层数据封装(前后端通信协议)
• 表现层响应数据的问题
• 定义Result类封装响应结果
• 表现层数据封装返回Result对象

SSM整合配置

SSM整合流程

1.创建工程

2.SSM整合

Spring

• SpringConfig

MyBatis

• MybatisConfig
• JdbcConfig
• jdbc.properties

SpringMVC

• ServletConfig
• SpringMvcConfig

3.功能模块

表与实体类

dao（接口+自动代理）

service（接口+实现类）

• 业务层接口测试（整合JUnit）

controller

• 表现层接口测试（PostMan）

SSM整合配置

创建工程，添加依赖和插件

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.1.16</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.24</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <configuration> <port>80</port> <path>/</path> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>

Spring整合Mybatis

创建数据库和表

-- 创建db5数据库 CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS db5 CHARACTER SET utf8; -- 使用db5数据库 USE db5; -- 创建tbl_book表 CREATE TABLE tbl_book( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, -- 图书编号 TYPE VARCHAR(100), -- 图书类型 NAME VARCHAR(100), -- 图书名称 description VARCHAR(100) -- 图书描述 ); -- 添加初始化数据 INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'图书类型一','图书名称一','图书描述一'); INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'图书类型二','图书名称二','图书描述二'); INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'图书类型三','图书名称三','图书描述三'); INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'图书类型四','图书名称四','图书描述四'); INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'图书类型五','图书名称五','图书描述五'); INSERT INTO tbl_book VALUES(NULL,'图书类型六','图书名称六','图书描述六');

jdbc.properties属性文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db5
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

JdbcConfig配置类

public class JdbcConfig { @Value("${jdbc.driver}") private String driver; @Value("${jdbc.url}") private String url; @Value("${jdbc.username}") private String username; @Value("${jdbc.password}") private String password; //配置连接池 @Bean public DataSource dataSource(){ DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource(); dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver); dataSource.setUrl(url); dataSource.setUsername(username); dataSource.setPassword(password); return dataSource; } //Spring事务管理需要的平台事务管理器对象 @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){ DataSourceTransactionManager ds = new DataSourceTransactionManager(); ds.setDataSource(dataSource); return ds; } }

MybatisConfig配置类

public class MyBatisConfig { @Bean public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource){ SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); factoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); factoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.moming.domain"); return factoryBean; } @Bean public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){ MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer(); msc.setBasePackage("com.moming.dao"); return msc; } }

SpringConfig配置类

@Configuration @ComponentScan({"com.moming.service"}) @PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties") @Import({JdbcConfig.class,MyBatisConfig.class}) @EnableTransactionManagement //开启Spring事务管理 public class SpringConfig { }

Spring整合SpringMVC

SpringMvcConfig配置类

@Configuration @ComponentScan("com.moming.controller") @EnableWebMvc public class SpringMvcConfig { }

ServletConfig配置类，加载SpringMvcConfig和SpringConfig配置类

public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer { protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class}; } protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() { return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class}; } protected String[] getServletMappings() { return new String[]{"/"}; } //乱码处理 @Override protected Filter[] getServletFilters() { CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter(); filter.setEncoding("UTF-8"); return new Filter[]{filter}; } }

功能模块开发

数据层开发(BookDao)

Book实体类

@Data public class Book { private Integer id; private String type; private String name; private String description; }

BookDao接口

public interface BookDao { //@Insert("insert into tbl_book values(null,#{type},#{name},#{description})") @Insert("insert into tbl_book (type,name,description) values(#{type},#{name},#{description})") public int save(Book book); //返回值表示影响的行数 @Update("update tbl_book set type = #{type}, name = #{name}, description = #{description} where id = #{id}") public int update(Book book); @Delete("delete from tbl_book where id = #{id}") public int delete(Integer id); @Select("select * from tbl_book where id = #{id}") public Book getById(Integer id); @Select("select * from tbl_book") public List<Book> getAll(); }

业务层开发(BookService/BookServiceImpl)

BookService接口

@Transactional //表示所有方法进行事务管理 public interface BookService { /** * 保存 * @param book * @return */ public boolean save(Book book); /** * 修改 * @param book * @return */ public boolean update(Book book); /** * 根据id删除 * @param id * @return */ public boolean delete(Integer id); /** * 按id查询 * @param id * @return */ public Book getById(Integer id); /** * 查询全部 * @return */ public List<Book> getAll(); }

BookServiceImpl实现类

@Service public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService { @Autowired private BookDao bookDao; public boolean save(Book book) { bookDao.save(book); return true; } public boolean update(Book book) { bookDao.update(book); return true; } public boolean delete(Integer id) { bookDao.delete(id); return true; } public Book getById(Integer id) { return bookDao.getById(id); } public List<Book> getAll() { return bookDao.getAll(); } }

表现层开发(BookController)

@RestController @RequestMapping("/books") public class BookController { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @PostMapping public boolean save(@RequestBody Book book) { return bookService.save(book); } @PutMapping public boolean update(@RequestBody Book book) { return bookService.update(book); } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public boolean delete(@PathVariable Integer id) { return bookService.delete(id); } @GetMapping("/{id}") public Book getById(@PathVariable Integer id) { return bookService.getById(id); } @GetMapping public List<Book> getAll() { return bookService.getAll(); } }

接口测试

Spring整合Junit测试业务层方法

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class) public class BookServiceTest { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @Test public void testGetById(){ Book book = bookService.getById(1); System.out.println(book); } @Test public void testGetAll(){ List<Book> all = bookService.getAll(); System.out.println(all); } }

postman测试表现层接口

测试保存图书

表现层数据封装(前后端通信协议)

表现层响应数据的问题

问题：我们表现层增删改方法返回true或者false表示是否成功，getById()方法返回一个json对象，getAll()方法返回一个json对象数组，这里就出现了三种格式的响应结果，极其不利于前端解析。

解决：我们需要统一响应结果的格式

定义Result类封装响应结果

controller/Result类封装响应结果

@Data public class Result { //描述统一格式中的数据 private Object data; //描述统一格式中的编码，用于区分操作，可以简化配置0或1表示成功失败 private Integer code; //描述统一格式中的消息，可选属性 private String msg; public Result() { } public Result(Integer code,Object data) { this.data = data; this.code = code; } public Result(Integer code, Object data, String msg) { this.data = data; this.code = code; this.msg = msg; } }

注意事项：Result类中的字段并不是固定的，可以根据需要自行增减

controller/Code类封装响应码

//状态码 public class Code { public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011; public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 20021; public static final Integer UPDATE_OK = 20031; public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041; public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010; public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 20020; public static final Integer UPDATE_ERR = 20030; public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040; }

注意事项：Code类的常量设计也不是固定的，可以根据需要自行增减，例如将查询再进行细分为GET_OK，GET_ALL_OK，GET_PAGE_OK

表现层数据封装返回Result对象

@RestController @RequestMapping("/books") public class BookController { @Autowired private BookService bookService; @PostMapping public Result save(@RequestBody Book book) { boolean flag = bookService.save(book); return new Result(flag ? Code.SAVE_OK:Code.SAVE_ERR,flag); } @PutMapping public Result update(@RequestBody Book book) { boolean flag = bookService.update(book); return new Result(flag ? Code.UPDATE_OK:Code.UPDATE_ERR,flag); } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id) { boolean flag = bookService.delete(id); return new Result(flag ? Code.DELETE_OK:Code.DELETE_ERR,flag); } @GetMapping("/{id}") public Result getById(@PathVariable Integer id) { Book book = bookService.getById(id); Integer code = book != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR; String msg = book != null ? "" : "数据查询失败，请重试！"; return new Result(code,book,msg); } @GetMapping public Result getAll() { List<Book> bookList = bookService.getAll(); Integer code = bookList != null ? Code.GET_OK : Code.GET_ERR; String msg = bookList != null ? "" : "数据查询失败，请重试！"; return new Result(code,bookList,msg); } }

Postman测试

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