let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = ['🥭', '🍌', '🍒'];
// Add all items from apples onto fruits at start
Array.prototype.unshift.apply(fruits, apples)
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍎", "🍏", "🥭", "🍌", "🍒"]
现在红苹果和绿苹果会在开头位置合并而不是末尾。
简写方法:
我们依然可以使用ES6扩展运算符(...)缩短这段长代码,如下所示:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = [...apples, '🥭', '🍌', '🍒']; // <-- here
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍎", "🍏", "🥭", "🍌", "🍒"]
3. 克隆数组
普通写法:
我们可以使用Array中的slice()方法轻松克隆数组,如下所示:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
let cloneFruits = fruits.slice();
console.log( cloneFruits );
//=> ["🍉", "🍊", "🍇", "🍎"]
简写方法:
我们可以使用ES6扩展运算符(...)像这样克隆一个数组:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
let cloneFruits = [...fruits]; // <-- here
console.log( cloneFruits );
//=> ["🍉", "🍊", "🍇", "🍎"]
4. 解构赋值
普通写法:
在处理数组时,我们有时需要将数组“解包”成一堆变量,如下所示:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let redApple = apples[0];
let greenApple = apples[1];
console.log( redApple ); //=> 🍎
console.log( greenApple ); //=> 🍏
简写方法:
我们可以通过解构赋值用一行代码实现相同的结果:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let [redApple, greenApple] = apples; // <-- here
console.log( redApple ); //=> 🍎
console.log( greenApple ); //=> 🍏
5. 模板字面量
普通写法:
通常,当我们必须向字符串添加表达式时,我们会这样做:
// Display name in 娱乐ween two strings
let name = 'Palash';
console.log('Hello, ' + name + '!');
//=> Hello, Palash!
// Add & Subtract two numbers
let num1 = 20;
let num2 = 10;
console.log('Sum = ' + (num1 + num2) + ' and Subtract = ' + (num1 - num2));
//=> Sum = 30 and Subtract = 10
// Display name in 娱乐ween two strings
let name = 'Palash';
console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`); // <-- No need to use + var + anymore
//=> Hello, Palash!
// Add two numbers
let num1 = 20;
let num2 = 10;
console.log(`Sum = ${num1 + num2} and Subtract = ${num1 - num2}`);
//=> Sum = 30 and Subtract = 10
6. For循环
普通写法:
我们可以使用for循环像这样循环遍历一个数组:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
// Loop through each fruit
for (let index = 0; index < fruits.length; index++) {
console.log( fruits[index] ); // <-- get the fruit at current index
}
//=> 🍉
//=> 🍊
//=> 🍇
//=> 🍎
简写方法:
我们可以使用for...of语句实现相同的结果,而代码要少得多,如下所示:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
// Using for...of statement
for (let fruit of fruits) {
console.log( fruit );
}
//=> 🍉
//=> 🍊
//=> 🍇
//=> 🍎
let inventory = [
{name: 'Bananas', quantity: 5},
{name: 'Apples', quantity: 10},
{name: 'Grapes', quantity: 2}
];
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
function getApples(arr, value) {
for (let index = 0; index < arr.length; index++) {
// Check the value of this object property `name` is same as 'Apples'
if (arr[index].name === 'Apples') { //=> 🍎
// A match was found, return this object
return arr[index];
}
}
}
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log( result )
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 }
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
function getApples(arr, value) {
return arr.find(obj => obj.name === 'Apples'); // <-- here
}
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log( result )
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 }
9. 将字符串转换为整数
普通写法:
let num = parseInt("10")
console.log( num ) //=> 10
console.log( typeof num ) //=> "number"
简写方法:
我们可以通过在字符串前添加+前缀来实现相同的结果,如下所示:
let num = +"10";
console.log( num ) //=> 10
console.log( typeof num ) //=> "number"
console.log( +"10" === 10 ) //=> true
10. 短路求值
普通写法:
如果我们必须根据另一个值来设置一个值不是falsy值,一般会使用if-else语句,就像这样:
function getUserRole(role) {
let userRole;
// If role is not falsy value
// set `userRole` as passed `role` value
if (role) {
userRole = role;
} else {
// else set the `userRole` as USER
userRole = 'USER';
}
return userRole;
}
console.log( getUserRole() ) //=> "USER"
console.log( getUserRole('ADMIN') ) //=> "ADMIN"
简写方法:
但是使用短路求值(||),我们可以用一行代码执行此操作,如下所示:
function getUserRole(role) {
return role || 'USER'; // <-- here
}
console.log( getUserRole() ) //=> "USER"
console.log( getUserRole('ADMIN') ) //=> "ADMIN"
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
fruits.forEach(console.log);
在数组中查找对象
你可以使用对象解构和箭头函数使代码更精简:
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
const getApples = array => array.find(({ name }) => name === "Apples");
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log(result);
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 }
短路求值替代方案
const getUserRole1 = (role = "USER") => role;
const getUserRole2 = role => role ?? "USER";
const getUserRole3 = role => role ? role : "USER";
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = ['🥭', '🍌', '🍒'];
// Add all items from apples onto fruits at start
Array.prototype.unshift.apply(fruits, apples)
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍎", "🍏", "🥭", "🍌", "🍒"]
现在红苹果和绿苹果会在开头位置合并而不是末尾。
简写方法:
我们依然可以使用ES6扩展运算符(...)缩短这段长代码,如下所示:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = [...apples, '🥭', '🍌', '🍒']; // <-- here
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍎", "🍏", "🥭", "🍌", "🍒"]
3. 克隆数组
普通写法:
我们可以使用Array中的slice()方法轻松克隆数组,如下所示:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
let cloneFruits = fruits.slice();
console.log( cloneFruits );
//=> ["🍉", "🍊", "🍇", "🍎"]
简写方法:
我们可以使用ES6扩展运算符(...)像这样克隆一个数组:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
let cloneFruits = [...fruits]; // <-- here
console.log( cloneFruits );
//=> ["🍉", "🍊", "🍇", "🍎"]
4. 解构赋值
普通写法:
在处理数组时,我们有时需要将数组“解包”成一堆变量,如下所示:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let redApple = apples[0];
let greenApple = apples[1];
console.log( redApple ); //=> 🍎
console.log( greenApple ); //=> 🍏
简写方法:
我们可以通过解构赋值用一行代码实现相同的结果:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let [redApple, greenApple] = apples; // <-- here
console.log( redApple ); //=> 🍎
console.log( greenApple ); //=> 🍏
5. 模板字面量
普通写法:
通常,当我们必须向字符串添加表达式时,我们会这样做:
// Display name in 娱乐ween two strings
let name = 'Palash';
console.log('Hello, ' + name + '!');
//=> Hello, Palash!
// Add & Subtract two numbers
let num1 = 20;
let num2 = 10;
console.log('Sum = ' + (num1 + num2) + ' and Subtract = ' + (num1 - num2));
//=> Sum = 30 and Subtract = 10
// Display name in 娱乐ween two strings
let name = 'Palash';
console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`); // <-- No need to use + var + anymore
//=> Hello, Palash!
// Add two numbers
let num1 = 20;
let num2 = 10;
console.log(`Sum = ${num1 + num2} and Subtract = ${num1 - num2}`);
//=> Sum = 30 and Subtract = 10
6. For循环
普通写法:
我们可以使用for循环像这样循环遍历一个数组:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
// Loop through each fruit
for (let index = 0; index < fruits.length; index++) {
console.log( fruits[index] ); // <-- get the fruit at current index
}
//=> 🍉
//=> 🍊
//=> 🍇
//=> 🍎
简写方法:
我们可以使用for...of语句实现相同的结果,而代码要少得多,如下所示:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
// Using for...of statement
for (let fruit of fruits) {
console.log( fruit );
}
//=> 🍉
//=> 🍊
//=> 🍇
//=> 🍎
let inventory = [
{name: 'Bananas', quantity: 5},
{name: 'Apples', quantity: 10},
{name: 'Grapes', quantity: 2}
];
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
function getApples(arr, value) {
for (let index = 0; index < arr.length; index++) {
// Check the value of this object property `name` is same as 'Apples'
if (arr[index].name === 'Apples') { //=> 🍎
// A match was found, return this object
return arr[index];
}
}
}
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log( result )
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 }
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
function getApples(arr, value) {
return arr.find(obj => obj.name === 'Apples'); // <-- here
}
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log( result )
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 }
9. 将字符串转换为整数
普通写法:
let num = parseInt("10")
console.log( num ) //=> 10
console.log( typeof num ) //=> "number"
简写方法:
我们可以通过在字符串前添加+前缀来实现相同的结果,如下所示:
let num = +"10";
console.log( num ) //=> 10
console.log( typeof num ) //=> "number"
console.log( +"10" === 10 ) //=> true
10. 短路求值
普通写法:
如果我们必须根据另一个值来设置一个值不是falsy值,一般会使用if-else语句,就像这样:
function getUserRole(role) {
let userRole;
// If role is not falsy value
// set `userRole` as passed `role` value
if (role) {
userRole = role;
} else {
// else set the `userRole` as USER
userRole = 'USER';
}
return userRole;
}
console.log( getUserRole() ) //=> "USER"
console.log( getUserRole('ADMIN') ) //=> "ADMIN"
简写方法:
但是使用短路求值(||),我们可以用一行代码执行此操作,如下所示:
function getUserRole(role) {
return role || 'USER'; // <-- here
}
console.log( getUserRole() ) //=> "USER"
console.log( getUserRole('ADMIN') ) //=> "ADMIN"
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
fruits.forEach(console.log);
在数组中查找对象
你可以使用对象解构和箭头函数使代码更精简:
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
const getApples = array => array.find(({ name }) => name === "Apples");
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log(result);
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 }
短路求值替代方案
const getUserRole1 = (role = "USER") => role;
const getUserRole2 = role => role ?? "USER";
const getUserRole3 = role => role ? role : "USER";