如何无坑亲测安装配置Ubuntu环境下的Docker K8s Dashboard？

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在安装Docker之前，需要进行以下准备：

1. 安装Docker：使用国内镜像源daocloud一键安装命令： curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/docker | sh

2.解决镜像下载慢的问题：配置国内镜像源，修改`daemon.json`文件，添加镜像源：

luffy

安装之前的准备： 安装docker

使用国内 daocloud 一键安装命令：

curl -sSL get.daocloud.io/docker | sh

直接从dockerhub下载镜像太慢, 需要配置国内镜像源, 修改daemon.json文件
添加镜像源, luffy使用的是中科大的镜像源

cat <<EOF >/etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": ["docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"] } EOF

启动docker

sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl restart docker 安装kubelet,kubectl,kubeadm：

打开apt源文件：

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

添加如下：

deb mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main

然后更新apt源：

apt-get update

ps:如果出现下面错误
W: GPG error: mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY FEEA9169307EA071 NO_PUBKEY 8B57C5C2836F4BEB

执行安装GPG秘钥：

curl mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg |sudo apt-key add -

在进行

apt-get update 安装kube：

apt-get install -y kubelet=1.18.0-00 kubeadm=1.18.0-00 kubectl=1.18.0-00 启动master节点

查看镜像列表

kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version v1.18.0

拉取镜像：

docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7

给镜像改名：

docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.18.0 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.7

注意：以上三步关于镜像的操作也可以直接写到一个脚本里，for循环来执行，详情可以查询脚本操作。

vim k8s-pull.sh

添加内容：

#将对应的包, 从国内镜像上拉下来 for i in `kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version v1.18.0`; do imageName=${i#k8s.gcr.io/} docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName k8s.gcr.io/$imageName docker rmi registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName done;

执行脚本

sh k8s-pull.sh

镜像下载完成，可以启动master节点了：

kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.18.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=172.18.10.172 --ignore-preflight-errors=NumCPU

注意172.18.10.172是我的服务器内网地址，注意替换，--ignore-preflight-errors=NumCPU 是因为我的服务器是买的低配单核，加上就忽略启动是的cpu核心数报错，多核 的不用加这个

设置配置文件如下：

mkdir -p /root/.kube cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config chown root:root /root/.kube/config

设置网络插件

export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf kubectl apply -f raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

mkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d

编辑网络通道配置列表（没有会默认创建）

vi 10-flannel.conflist

{ undefined"name": "cbr0", "plugins": [ { undefined"type": "flannel", "delegate": { undefined"hairpinMode": true, "isDefaultGateway": true } }, { undefined"type": "portmap", "capabilities": { undefined"portMappings": true } } ] }

多次刷新查看是否relay

kubectl get nodes

显示Ready表示执行成功

NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION izwz91w9jegcgf28ttbe2yz Ready master 46h v1.18.0

重启kubelet

systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart kubelet 安装 kubernetes-dashboard

下载包

wget raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

可以修改下名字kubernetes-dashboard，编辑配置文件

vim kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

下面我这个已经修改好了没有坑，注意下端口就行

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard spec: type: NodePort # 新增 ports: - port: 443 targetPort: 8443 nodePort: 30443 # 新增 selector: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs namespace: kubernetes-dashboard type: Opaque --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf namespace: kubernetes-dashboard type: Opaque data: csrf: "" --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder namespace: kubernetes-dashboard type: Opaque --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- kind: Role apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard rules: # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets. - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["secrets"] resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"] verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"] # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map. - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["configmaps"] resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"] verbs: ["get", "update"] # Allow Dashboard to get metrics. - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["services"] resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"] verbs: ["proxy"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["services/proxy"] resourceNames: ["heapster", "my-address:port volumeMounts: - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs mountPath: /certs # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs - mountPath: /tmp name: tmp-volume livenessProbe: 服务器外网ip:30443
可以访问dashboard页面


生成登陆须要的token：

1：建立service account

kubectl create sa dashboard-admin -n kube-system

2：建立角色绑定关系

kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin

3：查看dashboard-admin的secret名字

ADMIN_SECRET=$(kubectl get secrets -n kube-system | grep dashboard-admin | awk '{print $1}') echo ADMIN_SECRET

4：打印secret的token

kubectl describe secret -n kube-system ${ADMIN_SECRET} | grep -E '^token' | awk '{print $2}'

备注：有什么问题可以查看日志，排查

journalctl -xeu kubelet