如何使用Python Matplotlib将图例放置在图表外部?

2026-05-27 02:261阅读0评论SEO基础
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本文共计984个文字,预计阅读时间需要4分钟。

如何使用Python Matplotlib将图例放置在图表外部?

在matplotlib中设置图例的位置,以及如何将图例放置在图外,以及在一幅图中包含多个子图的情况下如何删除重复的图例,可以通过以下步骤实现:

pythonimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as np

创建数据x=np.linspace(0, 10, 100)y1=np.sin(x)y2=np.cos(x)

创建子图fig, ax=plt.subplots()

绘制第一个子图ax.plot(x, y1, label='sin(x)')

如何使用Python Matplotlib将图例放置在图表外部?

绘制第二个子图ax_twin=ax.twinx() # 创建共享x轴的第二个轴ax_twin.plot(x, y2, label='cos(x)')

设置图例位置ax.legend(loc='upper left') # 默认位置在左上角ax_twin.legend(loc='upper right') # 另一个图例在右上角

将图例放置在图外fig.legend(loc='center left', bbox_to_anchor=(1, 0.5))

显示图形plt.show()

这段代码首先导入了必要的库,然后创建了一些数据。接着,使用`subplots`函数创建了一个包含两个子图的图形。每个子图都绘制了一条曲线,并分别设置了图例。通过`legend`函数的`loc`参数,可以设置图例的位置。最后,使用`bbox_to_anchor`参数将图例放置在图形的外部。

关于matplotlib如何设置图例的位置?如何将图例放在图外?以及如何在一幅图有多个子图的情况下,删除重复的图例?我用一个简单的例子说明一下。

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(1) ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,4) df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df4 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df2.plot(ax = ax2, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df3.plot(ax = ax3, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df4.plot(ax = ax4, title = "df1", grid = 'on') plt.show()

运行结果如下

可以看出,随机生成了几个dataframe,在一个figure()中生成了四个子图,每个子图的图例都是dataframe.columns里的值,那么如何移除这些图例?

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(1) ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,4) df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df4 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df2.plot(ax = ax2, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df3.plot(ax = ax3, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df4.plot(ax = ax4, title = "df1", grid = 'on') ax1.legend_.remove() ##移除子图ax1中的图例 ax2.legend_.remove() ##移除子图ax2中的图例 ax3.legend_.remove() ##移除子图ax3中的图例 plt.show()

可以看出ax1,ax2,ax3中的图例都被移除了,但是上图还不是很美观?有没有什么办法将图例放到图外面呢?请看:

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(1) ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,4) df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df4 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df2.plot(ax = ax2, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df3.plot(ax = ax3, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df4.plot(ax = ax4, title = "df1", grid = 'on') ax1.legend_.remove() ax2.legend_.remove() ax3.legend_.remove() ax4.legend(loc=2, bbox_to_anchor=(1.05,1.0),borderaxespad = 0.) ##设置ax4中legend的位置,将其放在图外 plt.show()

其中参数loc用于设置legend的位置

bbox_to_anchor用于在bbox_transform坐标(默认轴坐标)中为图例指定任意位置。

以上这篇python matplotlib实现将图例放在图外就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持易盾网络。

本文共计984个文字,预计阅读时间需要4分钟。

如何使用Python Matplotlib将图例放置在图表外部?

在matplotlib中设置图例的位置,以及如何将图例放置在图外,以及在一幅图中包含多个子图的情况下如何删除重复的图例,可以通过以下步骤实现:

pythonimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as np

创建数据x=np.linspace(0, 10, 100)y1=np.sin(x)y2=np.cos(x)

创建子图fig, ax=plt.subplots()

绘制第一个子图ax.plot(x, y1, label='sin(x)')

如何使用Python Matplotlib将图例放置在图表外部?

绘制第二个子图ax_twin=ax.twinx() # 创建共享x轴的第二个轴ax_twin.plot(x, y2, label='cos(x)')

设置图例位置ax.legend(loc='upper left') # 默认位置在左上角ax_twin.legend(loc='upper right') # 另一个图例在右上角

将图例放置在图外fig.legend(loc='center left', bbox_to_anchor=(1, 0.5))

显示图形plt.show()

这段代码首先导入了必要的库,然后创建了一些数据。接着,使用`subplots`函数创建了一个包含两个子图的图形。每个子图都绘制了一条曲线,并分别设置了图例。通过`legend`函数的`loc`参数,可以设置图例的位置。最后,使用`bbox_to_anchor`参数将图例放置在图形的外部。

关于matplotlib如何设置图例的位置?如何将图例放在图外?以及如何在一幅图有多个子图的情况下,删除重复的图例?我用一个简单的例子说明一下。

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(1) ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,4) df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df4 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df2.plot(ax = ax2, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df3.plot(ax = ax3, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df4.plot(ax = ax4, title = "df1", grid = 'on') plt.show()

运行结果如下

可以看出,随机生成了几个dataframe,在一个figure()中生成了四个子图,每个子图的图例都是dataframe.columns里的值,那么如何移除这些图例?

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(1) ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,4) df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df4 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df2.plot(ax = ax2, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df3.plot(ax = ax3, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df4.plot(ax = ax4, title = "df1", grid = 'on') ax1.legend_.remove() ##移除子图ax1中的图例 ax2.legend_.remove() ##移除子图ax2中的图例 ax3.legend_.remove() ##移除子图ax3中的图例 plt.show()

可以看出ax1,ax2,ax3中的图例都被移除了,但是上图还不是很美观?有没有什么办法将图例放到图外面呢?请看:

import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(1) ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) ax4 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,4) df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df3 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df4 = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3,5),columns = ['one','two','three','four','five']) df1.plot(ax = ax1, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df2.plot(ax = ax2, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df3.plot(ax = ax3, title = "df1", grid = 'on') df4.plot(ax = ax4, title = "df1", grid = 'on') ax1.legend_.remove() ax2.legend_.remove() ax3.legend_.remove() ax4.legend(loc=2, bbox_to_anchor=(1.05,1.0),borderaxespad = 0.) ##设置ax4中legend的位置,将其放在图外 plt.show()

其中参数loc用于设置legend的位置

bbox_to_anchor用于在bbox_transform坐标(默认轴坐标)中为图例指定任意位置。

以上这篇python matplotlib实现将图例放在图外就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持易盾网络。