如何通过Spring Boot对Controller层进行单元测试实现？

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单元测试是程序员对代码的自我检测，一般公司都会严格要求进行单元测试。这是对自己代码的责任，也是对代码的敬畏。通常单元测试针对Service层进行，下面我将演示如何从Controller层进行单元测试。

单元测试是程序员对代码的自测，一般公司都会严格要求单元测试，这是对自己代码的负责，也是对代码的敬畏。

一般单元测试都是测试Service层，下面我将演示从Controller层进行单元测试。

无参Controller单元测试示例：

package com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller.base; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import com.pingan.bloan.genesis.logwrapper.LogWrapper; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import com.pingan.bloan.genesis.logwrapper.LogWrapperFactory; import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest @WebAppConfiguration public class BaseSpringBootTest { protected LogWrapper logger = LogWrapperFactory.getLogWrapper(BaseSpringBootTest.class); @Before public void init() { logger.info("开始测试..."); } @After public void after() { logger.info("测试结束..."); } }

package com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.Before; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders; import com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller.base.BaseSpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; /** * DemoController测试 * @author * */ public class DemoControllerTest extends BaseSpringBootTest { @Autowired private DemoController demoController; private MockMvc mockMvc; @Before public void setup() { mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(demoController).build(); } @Test public void demo() throws Exception { MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/demo/demo")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()) .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print()) .andReturn(); logger.info(mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString()); } }

有参Controller单元测试示例一：

package com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.Before; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders; import com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller.base.BaseSpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; /** * 加解密controller测试 * * @author * */ public class MessageEncryptionControllerTest extends BaseSpringBootTest { @Autowired private MessageEncryptionController messageEncryptionController; private MockMvc mockMvc; @Before public void setup() { mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(messageEncryptionController).build(); } /** * 加密测试 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void encryption() throws Exception { MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/secret/encryption") .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).param("originContent", "15221365094")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()) .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print()) .andReturn(); logger.info(mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString()); } /** * 解密测试 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void deciphering() throws Exception { MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/secret/deciphering") .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).param("secretContent", "4BD6EE1A13593F97E6CEA20A2BA9E6E4")) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()) .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print()) .andReturn(); logger.info(mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString()); } }

有参Controller单元测试示例二：

package com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.Before; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders; import com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller.base.BaseSpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; import com.pingan.bloan.genesis.model.mobiletelephone.MobileTelephoneRequest; /** * 客户手机掩码信息加密处理测试 * @author * */ public class MobileTelephoneIdempotentControllerTest extends BaseSpringBootTest { @Autowired private MobileTelephoneIdempotentController mobileTelephoneIdempotentController; private MockMvc mockMvc; @Before public void setup() { mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(mobileTelephoneIdempotentController).build(); } /** * 保存加密处理的客户信息 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void saveCustomerEncryptionMessage() throws Exception { MobileTelephoneRequest request = new MobileTelephoneRequest(); request.setCustomerId("RL20180304000099"); request.setMobileTelephone("18883270484"); request.setCcfMobileTelephone("13904108866"); MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/customerEncryption/save") .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) .content(JSONObject.toJSONString(request))) .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk()) .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print()) .andReturn(); logger.info(mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString()); } }

Suite一次性执行多个单元测试：

package com.pingan.bloan.genesis.controller; import org.junit.runners.Suite; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; /** * 打包测试 * 配置测试类，一次性执行所有配置的测试类 * @author * */ @RunWith(Suite.class) @Suite.SuiteClasses({MessageEncryptionControllerTest.class, DemoControllerTest.class}) public class SuiteExecuteTests { // 不用写代码,只需要注解即可(在SuiteClasses中配置测试类) }

代码单元测试，让代码更加健壮。

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