如何将我的Webpack 3.0项目顺利升级到4.0版本？

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webpack 3.11 升级至 4.26，提升打包效率。基于 webpack 3.11 的升级，webpack 4.0 及以后的版本中，零配置的 webpack 已经对项目的打包和压缩功能进行了优化。若项目开始时即采用，可享受这些优化效果。

1.webpack 3.11升级4.26

为了提升打包效率，在webpack3.11基础之上做了升级，webpack4.0发布以来，零配置的webpack对项目本身提供的“打包”和“压缩”功能已经做了优化，如果在项目开始使用4.0而不用vue-cli的默认配置，遇到的问题或许能少一些。

2. 安装/升级依赖

这些依赖有的是在build过程中发现依赖有新的替换或者报错，逐步替换的，如果想遇到多个坑，可以先把webpack、webpack-cli升级到对应版本

devDependencies:

"extract-text-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.0-beta.0" "html-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.0-beta.14" "mini-css-extract-plugin": "^0.9.0" (旧的optimize-css-assets-webpack不支持了) "preload-webpack-plugin": "^3.0.0-beta.4" "script-ext-html-webpack-plugin": "^2.1.3" "vue-loader": "^15.3.0" "webpack": "^4.26.1" "webpack-cli": "^3.1.2" "webpack-dev-server": "^3.2.1" "script-ext-html-webpack-plugin": "^2.1.3"

3. 遇到的问题

升级webpack后，build报错：ERROR in ./src/App.vue
Module Error (from ./node_modules/vue-loader/lib/index.js

解决：升级vue-loader至15.3.0，

webpack.base.conf.js添加

const {VueLoaderPlugin} = require('vue-loader') module.exports中添加 plugins:[new VueLoaderPlugin()]

修改配置文件 webpack.prod.conf.js：

webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin has been removed, please use config.optimization.splitChunks instead.

解决：

webpack.prod.conf.js webpackConfig配置: optimization: { noEmitOnErrors: true, concatenateModules: true, splitChunks: { chunks: 'all', name: 'common', }, runtimeChunk: { name: 'runtime' } } webpack.prod.conf.js webpackConfig配置: optimization:{ namedModules: true },

Plugin could not be registered at ‘html-webpack-plugin-before-html-processing'. Hook was not found.

解决：

npm i preload-webpack-plugin@next -D

Tapable.plugin is deprecated. Use new API on .hooks instead

问题：extract-text-webpack-plugin兼容问题 ，功能：extract css into its own file

解决： 卸载extract-text-webpack-plugin，安装mini-css-extract-plugin

new MiniCssExtractPlugin({ filename: utils.assetsPath('css/[name].[contenthash].css'), allChunks: false, }),

build出错：ERROR in TypeError: Cannot read property ‘hash' of undefined

解决:

去掉这段 //打包计时 const SpeedMeasurePlugin = require("speed-measure-webpack-plugin"); const smp = new SpeedMeasurePlugin();

WARNING in configuration
The ‘mode' option has not been set, webpack will fallback to ‘production' for this value. Set ‘mode' option to ‘development' or ‘production' to enable defaults for each environment.
You can also set it to ‘none' to disable any default behavior. Learn more: webpack.js.org/concepts/mode/

解决：webpackConfig添加 mode: ‘production'

Tapable.plugin is deprecated. Use new API on .hooks instead

解决：

npm i --save-dev extract-text-webpack-plugin@next

会下载到 extract-text-webpack-plugin@4.0.0-beta

Error: webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin has been removed, please use config.o ptimization…

解决:

• 去掉 webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin相关配置
• webpackConfig中与plugins的同级添加

optimization: { splitChunks: { cacheGroups: { commons: { name: "commons", chunks: "initial", minChunks: 2 } } } },

Unhandled rejection Error: “dependency” is not a valid chunk sort mode

new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ filename: config.build.index, template: 'index.html', inject: true, minify: { removeComments: true, collapseWhitespace: true, removeAttributeQuotes: true }, // necessary to consistently work with multiple chunks via CommonsChunkPlugin chunksSortMode: 'dependency' }),

解决：chunksSortMode改为auto或者注释

至此:npm run build 正常
接下来调npm run dev，直接运行成功

4. 总结

开启cache的情况下，原来打包时间22s左右，现在build最快8s左右

升级思路：

1. 卸载webpack旧版本、安装新版本webpack, webpack-cli
2. 遇到loader、plugin报错，升级loader、plugin，有的在4.0不支持，需要换成新的
3. 卸载 ExtractTextPlugin、删除对应配置，改用 mini-css-extract-plugin
4. 配置环境mode
5. 其它wenpack3.0优化配置兼容处理
   

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