Kubernetes中如何配置和管理ConfigMap？

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Kubernetes ConfigMap 创建方法：

1.创建 configmap-1.yaml

2.定义 key-value 字符串

3.创建 env 文件

4.从目录创建

5.使用 YAML/JSON 创建

6.使用方法

k8s-kubernetes-configmap

• ​​1.configmap​​
• ​​2.configmap创建​​

• ​​2.1 key-value字符串创建​​
• ​​2.2 env文件创建​​
• ​​2.3 从目录创建​​
• ​​2.4 yaml/json创建​​

• ​​3.使用​​

• ​​3.1 pod内env​​
• ​​3.2 command​​
• ​​3.3 volume挂载​​

• ​​4.总结​​

1.configmap

configmap用于保存配置数据的键值对，可以用来保存单个属性，也可以用来保存配置文件。configmap和secret很类似，但他可以更方便的处理不包含敏感信息的字符串。

2.configmap创建

2.1 key-value字符串创建

kubectl create configmap test -n study --from-literal=test.hello=hello --from-literal=testhello.hi=hi

当然也可以使用格式化输出形式查看

为了后面例子能够串起来，我们删除这个configmap，然后重新创建一个：

2.2 env文件创建

2.3 从目录创建

2.4 yaml/json创建

3.使用

3.1 pod内env

创建一个pod:
useforenv.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: tomcat-study
namespace: study
labels:
mytomcat: study
spec:
containers:
- name: tomcat
env:
- name: test_command_hello
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testcommand
key: test.command.hello
- name: test_command_hi
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testcommand
key: test.command.hi
- name: test_env_hello
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testenv
key: test.env.hello
- name: testenvhello
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testenv
key: testenvhello
- name: test_env_hi
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testenv
key: test.env.hi
image: tomcat
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
workingDir: /usr/local/tomcat/
volumeMounts:
- name: tomcat-log
mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
readOnly: false
ports:
- name: tomcat-80
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 10080
protocol: TCP
- name: tomcat-8080
containerPort: 8080
hostPort: 18080
protocol: TCP
- name: tomcat-443
containerPort: 443
hostPort: 10443
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 200m
memory: 50Mi
livenessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 180
timeoutSeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 600
volumes:
- name: tomcat-log
nfs:
server: 10.0.228.93
path:

3.2 command

先创建一个configmap

在command中使用configmp需要将configmap先用3.1的方式设置为环境变量，然后在command中用$(envName)的方式使用。

useforcommand.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: tomcat-study
namespace: study
labels:
mytomcat: study
spec:
containers:
- name: tomcat
image: tomcat
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","$(command_test_run)"]
workingDir: /usr/local/tomcat/
env:
- name: command_test_run
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: command-run
key: command.test.run
volumeMounts:
- name: tomcat-log
mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
readOnly: false
ports:
- name: tomcat-80
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 10080
protocol: TCP
- name: tomcat-8080
containerPort: 8080
hostPort: 18080
protocol: TCP
- name: tomcat-443
containerPort: 443
hostPort: 10443
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 200m
memory: 50Mi
livenessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 180
timeoutSeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 600
volumes:
- name: tomcat-log
nfs:
server: 10.0.228.93
path:

已经启动了。。

3.3 volume挂载

创建configmap可以根据文件及目录进行创建，同样的，在使用的时候，可以根据configmap恢复成文件目录

根据这个目录创建configmap

在pod中使用

useforvolume.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: tomcat-study
namespace: study
labels:
mytomcat: study
spec:
containers:
- name: tomcat
env:
- name: test_command_hello
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testcommand
key: test.command.hello
- name: test_command_hi
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testcommand
key: test.command.hi
- name: test_env_hello
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testenv
key: test.env.hello
- name: testenvhello
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testenv
key: testenvhello
- name: test_env_hi
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: testenv
key: test.env.hi
image: tomcat
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command: ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
workingDir: /usr/local/tomcat/
volumeMounts:
- name: tomcat-log
mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
readOnly: false
- name: testdir
mountPath: /usr/local/test/
readOnly: false
ports:
- name: tomcat-80
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 10080
protocol: TCP
- name: tomcat-8080
containerPort: 8080
hostPort: 18080
protocol: TCP
- name: tomcat-443
containerPort: 443
hostPort: 10443
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 200m
memory: 50Mi
livenessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 80
initialDelaySeconds: 180
timeoutSeconds: 30
periodSeconds: 600
volumes:
- name: tomcat-log
nfs:
server: 10.0.228.93
path: /userdata/testtomcatlog
- name: testdir
configMap:
name:

4.总结

• configmap就是k8s集群中公共的key-value集合，所有的pod都可以使用。
• configmap也是k8s中一类资源
• configmap有4种基本的创建方式：字符串、env、文件目录、定义文件
• configmap在pod中有3种使用方式：env、command、volume挂载