如何将AspNetCore.Identity的注册用户功能改写为支持长尾词的？

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上一篇文章详细介绍了AspNetCore.Identity的使用，包括如何打开数据库，可以看到使用EF自动生成的表结构如下：重点关注AspNetUsers表，打开数据库中的表可知，目前也只使用了这张表。然后下载a

上一篇：AspNetCore.Identity详解1——入门使用

打开数据库，可以看到使用EF自动生成的表结构如下：

重点关注AspNetUsers表，打开数据库里的表可以知道目前也只用到了这张表。然后下载asp.net core开源代码 。在我们创建的项目里并没有/Identity/Account/Register 页面，可以猜测登录注册的页面必然封装在Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity 里面。

<form asp-controller="Account" asp-action="Register" asp-route-returnurl="@ViewData["ReturnUrl"]" method="post" class="form-horizontal" role="form"> 略...... <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Register</button> </div> </div> </form> View Code

找到Account/Register 的post方法：

[HttpPost] [AllowAnonymous] [ValidateAntiForgeryToken] public async Task<IActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model, string returnUrl = null) { ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl; if (ModelState.IsValid) { var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email }; var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password); if (result.Succeeded) { // For more information on how to enable account confirmation and password reset please visit go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=532713 // Send an email with this link //var code = await _userManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user); //var callbackUrl = Url.Action("ConfirmEmail", "Account", new { userId = user.Id, code = code }, protocol: HttpContext.Request.Scheme); //await _emailSender.SendEmailAsync(model.Email, "Confirm your account", // "Please confirm your account by clicking this link: <a href=\"" + callbackUrl + "\">link</a>"); await _signInManager.SignInAsync(user, isPersistent: false); _logger.LogInformation(3, "User created a new account with password."); return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl); } AddErrors(result); } // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form return View(model); } View Code

这一行代码会帮我们完成注册任务

var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);

查看user 实体的定义

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser { } public class IdentityUser : IdentityUser<string> { public IdentityUser() { Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); SecurityStamp = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); } public IdentityUser(string userName) : this() { UserName = userName; } } public class IdentityUser<TKey> where TKey : IEquatable<TKey> { public IdentityUser() { } public IdentityUser(string userName) : this() { UserName = userName; } [PersonalData] public virtual TKey Id { get; set; } [ProtectedPersonalData] public virtual string UserName { get; set; } public virtual string NormalizedUserName { get; set; } [ProtectedPersonalData] public virtual string Email { get; set; } public virtual string NormalizedEmail { get; set; } [PersonalData] public virtual bool EmailConfirmed { get; set; } public virtual string PasswordHash { get; set; } public virtual string SecurityStamp { get; set; } public virtual string ConcurrencyStamp { get; set; } = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); [ProtectedPersonalData] public virtual string PhoneNumber { get; set; } [PersonalData] public virtual bool PhoneNumberConfirmed { get; set; } [PersonalData] public virtual bool TwoFactorEnabled { get; set; } public virtual DateTimeOffset? LockoutEnd { get; set; } public virtual bool LockoutEnabled { get; set; } public virtual int AccessFailedCount { get; set; } public override string ToString() => UserName; } View Code

打开CreateAsync方法,可以看到经过三步完成用户注册

public virtual async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(TUser user, string password) { ThrowIfDisposed(); //1 var passwordStore = GetPasswordStore(); if (user == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); } if (password == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(password)); } //2 var result = await UpdatePasswordHash(passwordStore, user, password); if (!result.Succeeded) { return result; } //3 return await CreateAsync(user); } View Code

逐个查看注释1,2,3的方法

private IUserPasswordStore<TUser> GetPasswordStore() { var cast = Store as IUserPasswordStore<TUser>; if (cast == null) { throw new NotSupportedException(Resources.StoreNotIUserPasswordStore); } return cast; } View Code

GetPasswordStore()方法会返回IUserPasswordStore<TUser>接口，Store 这个变量是什么呢？是IUserStore<TUser>，让人困惑的是IUserPasswordStore<TUser>继承了IUserStore<TUser>，

为什么Store可以转换为自己的子类呢？找到UserStoreBase类，看到它继承了IUserPasswordStore接口，由此可以猜测Store是UserStoreBase的实例。

// TUser是ApplicationUser //protected internal IUserStore<ApplicationUser> Store { get; set; } protected internal IUserStore<TUser> Store { get; set; }

第二步，完成了对密码的加密工作，同时更新了用户的安全戳（就是一个随机生成的字符串）

private async Task<IdentityResult> UpdatePasswordHash(IUserPasswordStore<TUser> passwordStore, TUser user, string newPassword, bool validatePassword = true) { if (validatePassword) { var validate = await ValidatePasswordAsync(user, newPassword); if (!validate.Succeeded) { return validate; } } var hash = newPassword != null ? PasswordHasher.HashPassword(user, newPassword) : null; await passwordStore.SetPasswordHashAsync(user, hash, CancellationToken); await UpdateSecurityStampInternal(user); return IdentityResult.Success; } View Code

第三步：完成对用户的最终创建

public virtual async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(TUser user) { ThrowIfDisposed(); await UpdateSecurityStampInternal(user); var result = await ValidateUserAsync(user); if (!result.Succeeded) { return result; } if (Options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers && SupportsUserLockout) { await GetUserLockoutStore().SetLockoutEnabledAsync(user, true, CancellationToken); } await UpdateNormalizedUserNameAsync(user); await UpdateNormalizedEmailAsync(user); return await Store.CreateAsync(user, CancellationToken); } View Code

找到UserOnlyStore类，这里面有最后一步向数据库插入用户的操作。

整个过程很绕，在理清逻辑的过程中很容易迷失。如果想要避免迷失，一定要牢记我们只是想看看注册用户这一步是怎样完成的，千万不要关心与之无关的代码。