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前言 1. 健康检查系统来源背景 + 互联网产品对用户体验提出高要求，但常因技术原因导致服务响应慢或不可用，影响用户体验，进而导致业务中断，影响收益。

前言

1.健康检查系统来源背景

互联网产品对用户体验提出了很高的要求，但常常由于技术侧原因，发生服务响应慢或者服务不可用等一系列影响用户体验的问题，导致业务中断，影响收入。影响服务不可用和响应慢的因素很多，可能是服务硬件损坏、光纤被挖断，可能是请求量过大导致数据库CPU负载、磁盘IO过高等等。

2.健康检查系统的作用

要保证系统高可用，主要就是消除单节点故障，消除单节点故障是系统高可用的常用手段。消除单节点有一个很重要的前提是发现问题节点，把问题节点踢除或者把流量切换到其他正常节点。

如何“发现问题节点”，就是系统健康检查需要做的事情。

3.如何涉及健康检查系统

谈论如何做健康检查前，首先要弄明白的是要检查的对象究竟是谁。对象可以网络连接，可以是一个小小的功能组件，可以是一个进程，可以是服务集群，也可以是机房单元。在开发AspNet Core应用的时候，我们经常会为该应用公布一个特殊的检测接口出来。该接口的目的很简单，告诉外界程序当前程序现在是可以访问或者不能访问的，便于外界做出相应的操作，比如监控报警，页面通知用户稍作等待等。

一、分布式服务的健康检查系统

1.官方包的使用

1、添加健康检查类和响应输出方法

/// <summary> /// mysql健康检查 /// </summary> public class MySQLHealthCheck : IHealthCheck { public async Task<HealthCheckResult> CheckHealthAsync(HealthCheckContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { try { return await Task.FromResult(HealthCheckResult.Healthy()).ConfigureAwait(false); } catch { return await Task.FromResult(HealthCheckResult.Unhealthy("From Sql Serve")).ConfigureAwait(false); } } } /// <summary> /// redis健康检查 /// </summary> public class RedisHealthCheck : IHealthCheck { public Task<HealthCheckResult> CheckHealthAsync(HealthCheckContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { return Task.FromResult(HealthCheckResult.Healthy()); } }

public static class Response { /// <summary> /// 返回指定格式 /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> /// <param name="result"></param> /// <returns></returns> private static Task WriteResponse(HttpContext context, HealthReport result) { context.Response.ContentType = "application/json"; var json = new JObject( new JProperty("status", result.Status.ToString()), new JProperty("results", new JObject(result.Entries.Select(pair => new JProperty(pair.Key, new JObject(new JProperty("status", pair.Value.Status.ToString()), new JProperty("description", pair.Value.Description), new JProperty("data", new JObject(pair.Value.Data.Select( p => new JProperty(p.Key, p.Value)))))))))); return context.Response.WriteAsync(json.ToString()); } }

2、注入服务

//添加健康检查服务 builder.Services.AddHealthChecks() .AddCheck<MySQLHealthCheck>("mysql_check") .AddCheck<RedisHealthCheck>("redis_check"); //健康检查服务接口地址 app.MapHealthChecks("/mysqlhealth", new HealthCheckOptions() {//mysql Predicate = s => s.Name.Equals("mysql_check"), ResponseWriter = (HttpContext context, HealthReport result) => { context.Response.ContentType = "application/json"; var json = new JObject( new JProperty("status", result.Status.ToString()), new JProperty("results", new JObject(result.Entries.Select(pair => new JProperty(pair.Key, new JObject(new JProperty("status", pair.Value.Status.ToString()), new JProperty("description", pair.Value.Description), new JProperty("data", new JObject(pair.Value.Data.Select( p => new JProperty(p.Key, p.Value)))))))))); return context.Response.WriteAsync(json.ToString()); } }); app.MapHealthChecks("/redishealth", new HealthCheckOptions() //redis { Predicate = s => s.Name.Equals("redis_check"), ResponseWriter = (HttpContext context, HealthReport result) => { context.Response.ContentType = "application/json"; var json = new JObject( new JProperty("status", result.Status.ToString()), new JProperty("results", new JObject(result.Entries.Select(pair => new JProperty(pair.Key, new JObject(new JProperty("status", pair.Value.Status.ToString()), new JProperty("description", pair.Value.Description), new JProperty("data", new JObject(pair.Value.Data.Select( p => new JProperty(p.Key, p.Value)))))))))); return context.Response.WriteAsync(json.ToString()); } });

通过访问地址：ip:端口/mysqlhealth 查看mysql连接状态 通过访问地址：ip:端口/redishealth 查看redis连接状态

2.第三方包的使用

2.1 第三方包

GitHub：github.com/xabaril/AspNetCore.Diagnostics.HealthChecks

支持的服务健康检查的包有

Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.ApplicationStatus Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.ArangoDb Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Aws.S3 Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Aws.SecretsManager Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Aws.Sns Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Aws.Sqs Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Aws.SystemsManager Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Azure.IoTHub Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.AzureDigitalTwin Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.AzureKeyVault Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.AzureServiceBus Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.AzureStorage Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Consul Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.CosmosDb Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.DocumentDb Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.DynamoDB Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Elasticsearch Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.EventStore Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.EventStore.gRPC Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Gcp.CloudFirestore Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Gremlin Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Hangfire Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.IbmMQ Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Kafka Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Kubernetes Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.MongoDb Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.MySql Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Nats Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Network Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Npgsql Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.OpenIdConnectServer Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Oracle Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.RabbitMQ Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.RavenDB Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Redis Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.SendGrid Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.SignalR Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Solr Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.SqLite Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.SqlServer Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.System Install-Package AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Uris

2.2 安装包

AspNetCore.HealthChecks.UI AspNetCore.HealthChecks.UI.Client AspNetCore.HealthChecks.UI.InMemory.Storage AspNetCore.HealthChecks.MySql AspNetCore.HealthChecks.Redis

2.3 设置启动

1、自写类监控检查

//添加健康检查服务 builder.Services.AddHealthChecks() .AddCheck<MySqlHealthCheck>("mysql_check") .AddCheck<RedisHealthCheck>("redis_check"); builder.Services.AddHealthChecksUI().AddInMemoryStorage(); //健康检查服务接口地址 app.MapHealthChecks("/mysqlhealth", new HealthCheckOptions() { Predicate = s => s.Name.Equals("mysql_check"), ResponseWriter = UIResponseWriter.WriteHealthCheckUIResponse }); app.MapHealthChecks("/redishealth", new HealthCheckOptions() { Predicate = s => s.Name.Equals("redis_check"), ResponseWriter = UIResponseWriter.WriteHealthCheckUIResponse }); app.MapHealthChecksUI();

启动程序访问：/healthchecks-ui 地址 2、相关包监控检查

//添加健康检查服务 builder.Services.AddHealthChecks() .AddTypeActivatedCheck<MySqlHealthCheck>("mysql_check", args: new[] { "server=120.79.63.89;userid=root;pwd=123456;port=3308;database=DB_SY_ERP;sslmode=none" }) .AddTypeActivatedCheck<RedisHealthCheck>("redis_check", args: new[] { "localhost:6379,defaultDatabase=1" }); builder.Services.AddHealthChecksUI(setup => { //可配置 setup.SetEvaluationTimeInSeconds(5); // UI 配置轮询间隔（以秒为单位） setup.SetApiMaxActiveRequests(1); // 运行状况检查 UI 后端 API 的最大活动请求数 setup.MaximumHistoryEntriesPerEndpoint(50);//提供的最大历史记录条目数 //setup.AddHealthCheckEndpoint("endpoint1", "localhost:8001/healthz"); //setup.AddHealthCheckEndpoint("endpoint2", "remoteendpoint:9000/healthz"); //setup.AddWebhookNotification("webhook1", uri: "httpbin.org/status/200?code=ax3rt56s", payload: "{...}"); }).AddInMemoryStorage(); //健康检查服务接口地址 app.MapHealthChecks("/mysqlhealth", new HealthCheckOptions() { Predicate = s => s.Name.Equals("mysql_check"), ResponseWriter = UIResponseWriter.WriteHealthCheckUIResponse }); app.MapHealthChecks("/redishealth", new HealthCheckOptions() { Predicate = s => s.Name.Equals("redis_check"), ResponseWriter = UIResponseWriter.WriteHealthCheckUIResponse }); app.MapHealthChecksUI();

启动程序访问：/healthchecks-ui 地址 启动redis看下