如何将Python脚本编写成定时发送邮件的自动化工具？
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本文共计2159个文字，预计阅读时间需要9分钟。
本示例展示了如何使用Python编写一个定时发送电子邮件的脚本。以下是大致的代码框架和内容：
pythonimport timefrom datetime import datetimefrom email.header import Headerfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.mime.text import MIMEText
定义发送邮件的函数def send_email(): # 邮件服务器设置 smtp_server='smtp.example.com' smtp_port=587 sender_email='sender@example.com' receiver_email='receiver@example.com' password='your_password'
# 创建邮件对象 message=MIMEMultipart() message['From']=Header(sender_email, 'utf-8') message['To']=Header(receiver_email, 'utf-8') message['Subject']=Header('定时发送的邮件', 'utf-8')
# 邮件正文内容 body='这是定时发送的邮件内容。' message.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 连接邮件服务器并发送邮件 try: server=smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port) server.starttls() server.login(sender_email, password) server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, message.as_string()) print('邮件发送成功') except smtplib.SMTPException as e: print('邮件发送失败:', e) finally: server.quit()
设置定时任务，每小时发送一次邮件while True: current_time=datetime.now() if current_time.hour % 1==0: # 每小时的第一分钟发送邮件 send_email() time.sleep(60) # 等待一分钟后再次检查
本文实例为大家分享了python定时发送邮件的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
全部代码如下：
import time from datetime import datetime from email.header import Header from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr import xlrd from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d' import smtplib def read_file(file_path): file_list = [] work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path) sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1') print('now is process :', sheet_data.name) Nrows = sheet_data.nrows for i in range(1, Nrows): file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i)) return file_list def _format_addr(s): name, addr = parseaddr(s) return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr)) def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list): nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime())) html_content_start = \ ''' <html> <body> <p>hi，All：</p> <table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"style="margin:15px"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F"> <tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" style="margin:10px"> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">工作事项</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">负责人</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">进度</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">风险与问题</th> </tr> ''' for i in range(len(file_list)): work = file_list[i] workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3]) if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的数字 progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮点转成百分比 updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0) value = datetime(*updateTime) # 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式 timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct)) if uptTime != nowDate: raise RuntimeError('有人没有更新最新记录:' + str(work[1])) html_content_suffer = \ ''' <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" > <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{workdata}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{person_name}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{progress}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{issue}</td> </tr> '''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name, progress=progress, issue=issue) html_content_start += html_content_suffer html_content_end = \ ''' </table> </body> </html> ''' html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end try: msg = MIMEMultipart() msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8')) msg['From'] = _format_addr('发送方 <%s>' % from_addr) msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr) msg['Subject'] = Header('主题' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode() server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465) server.login(from_addr, password) # 登录邮箱服务器 server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 发送信息 server.quit() print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已发送成功！") except Exception as e: print("发送失败" + e) def job(): root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file' file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx" from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 邮箱登录用户名 password = 'mima' # 登录密码 smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服务器地址，默认端口号25 to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方邮箱 file_list = read_file(file_path) sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list) print('发送完成') if __name__ == '__main__': # 该示例代码生成了一个BlockingScheduler调度器，使用了默认的任务存储MemoryJobStore，以及默认的执行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大线程数为10。 # BlockingScheduler：在进程中运行单个任务，调度器是唯一运行的东西 scheduler = BlockingScheduler() # 采用阻塞的方式 # 采用corn的方式，每天18点发送 scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='18') ''' year (int|str) – 4-digit year month (int|str) – month (1-12) day (int|str) – day of the (1-31) week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53) day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun) hour (int|str) – hour (0-23) minute (int|str) – minute (0-59) econd (int|str) – second (0-59) start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone) * any Fire on every value */a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b) a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month last day Fire on the last day within the month x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions ''' scheduler.start()
表格如下：
如果放在linux系统中执行，上述脚本不能执行成功，是因为对编码等有要求，全部更新代码如下：
#coding=utf-8 import time from datetime import datetime from email.header import Header from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr import sys import xlrd from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d' import smtplib import logging logging.basicConfig() def read_file(file_path): file_list = [] work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path) sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1') print('now is process :', sheet_data.name) Nrows = sheet_data.nrows for i in range(1, Nrows): file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i)) return file_list def _format_addr(s): name, addr = parseaddr(s) return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr)) def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list): nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime())) html_content_start = \ ''' <html> <body> <p>hi，All：</p> <table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"style="margin:15px"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F"> <tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" style="margin:10px"> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">工作事项</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">负责人</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">进度</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">风险与问题</th> </tr> ''' for i in range(len(file_list)): work = file_list[i] workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3]) if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的数字 progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮点转成百分比 updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0) value = datetime(*updateTime) # 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式 timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct)) if uptTime != nowDate: raise RuntimeError('有人没有更新最新记录:' + str(work[1])) html_content_suffer = \ ''' <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" > <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{workdata}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{person_name}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{progress}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{issue}</td> </tr> '''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name.replace('\n', '<br>'), progress=progress.replace('\n', '<br>'), issue=issue.replace('\n', '<br>')) html_content_start += html_content_suffer html_content_end = \ ''' </table> </body> </html> ''' html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end try: msg = MIMEMultipart() msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8')) msg['From'] = _format_addr('发送方 <%s>' % from_addr) msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr) msg['Subject'] = Header('主题' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode() server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465) server.login(from_addr, password) # 登录邮箱服务器 server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 发送信息 server.quit() print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已发送成功！") except Exception as e: print("发送失败" + e) def job(): root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file' file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx" from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 邮箱登录用户名 password = 'mima' # 登录密码 smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服务器地址，默认端口号25 to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方邮箱 file_list = read_file(file_path) sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list) print('发送完成') if __name__ == '__main__': # 该示例代码生成了一个BlockingScheduler调度器，使用了默认的任务存储MemoryJobStore，以及默认的执行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大线程数为10。 # BlockingScheduler：在进程中运行单个任务，调度器是唯一运行的东西 scheduler = BlockingScheduler() # 采用阻塞的方式 reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding("utf8") # 采用corn的方式 scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='21', minute='0') ''' year (int|str) – 4-digit year month (int|str) – month (1-12) day (int|str) – day of the (1-31) week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53) day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun) hour (int|str) – hour (0-23) minute (int|str) – minute (0-59) econd (int|str) – second (0-59) start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone) * any Fire on every value */a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b) a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month last day Fire on the last day within the month x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions ''' scheduler.start()
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持易盾网络。
本文共计2159个文字，预计阅读时间需要9分钟。
本示例展示了如何使用Python编写一个定时发送电子邮件的脚本。以下是大致的代码框架和内容：
pythonimport timefrom datetime import datetimefrom email.header import Headerfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.mime.text import MIMEText
定义发送邮件的函数def send_email(): # 邮件服务器设置 smtp_server='smtp.example.com' smtp_port=587 sender_email='sender@example.com' receiver_email='receiver@example.com' password='your_password'
# 创建邮件对象 message=MIMEMultipart() message['From']=Header(sender_email, 'utf-8') message['To']=Header(receiver_email, 'utf-8') message['Subject']=Header('定时发送的邮件', 'utf-8')
# 邮件正文内容 body='这是定时发送的邮件内容。' message.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 连接邮件服务器并发送邮件 try: server=smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port) server.starttls() server.login(sender_email, password) server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, message.as_string()) print('邮件发送成功') except smtplib.SMTPException as e: print('邮件发送失败:', e) finally: server.quit()
设置定时任务，每小时发送一次邮件while True: current_time=datetime.now() if current_time.hour % 1==0: # 每小时的第一分钟发送邮件 send_email() time.sleep(60) # 等待一分钟后再次检查
本文实例为大家分享了python定时发送邮件的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
全部代码如下：
import time from datetime import datetime from email.header import Header from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr import xlrd from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d' import smtplib def read_file(file_path): file_list = [] work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path) sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1') print('now is process :', sheet_data.name) Nrows = sheet_data.nrows for i in range(1, Nrows): file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i)) return file_list def _format_addr(s): name, addr = parseaddr(s) return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr)) def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list): nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime())) html_content_start = \ ''' <html> <body> <p>hi，All：</p> <table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"style="margin:15px"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F"> <tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" style="margin:10px"> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">工作事项</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">负责人</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">进度</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">风险与问题</th> </tr> ''' for i in range(len(file_list)): work = file_list[i] workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3]) if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的数字 progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮点转成百分比 updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0) value = datetime(*updateTime) # 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式 timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct)) if uptTime != nowDate: raise RuntimeError('有人没有更新最新记录:' + str(work[1])) html_content_suffer = \ ''' <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" > <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{workdata}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{person_name}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{progress}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{issue}</td> </tr> '''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name, progress=progress, issue=issue) html_content_start += html_content_suffer html_content_end = \ ''' </table> </body> </html> ''' html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end try: msg = MIMEMultipart() msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8')) msg['From'] = _format_addr('发送方 <%s>' % from_addr) msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr) msg['Subject'] = Header('主题' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode() server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465) server.login(from_addr, password) # 登录邮箱服务器 server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 发送信息 server.quit() print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已发送成功！") except Exception as e: print("发送失败" + e) def job(): root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file' file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx" from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 邮箱登录用户名 password = 'mima' # 登录密码 smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服务器地址，默认端口号25 to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方邮箱 file_list = read_file(file_path) sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list) print('发送完成') if __name__ == '__main__': # 该示例代码生成了一个BlockingScheduler调度器，使用了默认的任务存储MemoryJobStore，以及默认的执行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大线程数为10。 # BlockingScheduler：在进程中运行单个任务，调度器是唯一运行的东西 scheduler = BlockingScheduler() # 采用阻塞的方式 # 采用corn的方式，每天18点发送 scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='18') ''' year (int|str) – 4-digit year month (int|str) – month (1-12) day (int|str) – day of the (1-31) week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53) day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun) hour (int|str) – hour (0-23) minute (int|str) – minute (0-59) econd (int|str) – second (0-59) start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone) * any Fire on every value */a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b) a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month last day Fire on the last day within the month x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions ''' scheduler.start()
表格如下：
如果放在linux系统中执行，上述脚本不能执行成功，是因为对编码等有要求，全部更新代码如下：
#coding=utf-8 import time from datetime import datetime from email.header import Header from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr import sys import xlrd from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d' import smtplib import logging logging.basicConfig() def read_file(file_path): file_list = [] work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path) sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1') print('now is process :', sheet_data.name) Nrows = sheet_data.nrows for i in range(1, Nrows): file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i)) return file_list def _format_addr(s): name, addr = parseaddr(s) return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr)) def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list): nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime())) html_content_start = \ ''' <html> <body> <p>hi，All：</p> <table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"style="margin:15px"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F"> <tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" style="margin:10px"> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">工作事项</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">负责人</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">进度</th> <th style="padding:6;font-size:16">风险与问题</th> </tr> ''' for i in range(len(file_list)): work = file_list[i] workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3]) if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的数字 progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮点转成百分比 updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0) value = datetime(*updateTime) # 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式 timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct)) if uptTime != nowDate: raise RuntimeError('有人没有更新最新记录:' + str(work[1])) html_content_suffer = \ ''' <tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" > <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{workdata}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{person_name}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{progress}</td> <td style="padding:6;font-size:14">{issue}</td> </tr> '''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name.replace('\n', '<br>'), progress=progress.replace('\n', '<br>'), issue=issue.replace('\n', '<br>')) html_content_start += html_content_suffer html_content_end = \ ''' </table> </body> </html> ''' html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end try: msg = MIMEMultipart() msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8')) msg['From'] = _format_addr('发送方 <%s>' % from_addr) msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr) msg['Subject'] = Header('主题' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode() server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465) server.login(from_addr, password) # 登录邮箱服务器 server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 发送信息 server.quit() print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已发送成功！") except Exception as e: print("发送失败" + e) def job(): root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file' file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx" from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 邮箱登录用户名 password = 'mima' # 登录密码 smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服务器地址，默认端口号25 to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方邮箱 file_list = read_file(file_path) sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list) print('发送完成') if __name__ == '__main__': # 该示例代码生成了一个BlockingScheduler调度器，使用了默认的任务存储MemoryJobStore，以及默认的执行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大线程数为10。 # BlockingScheduler：在进程中运行单个任务，调度器是唯一运行的东西 scheduler = BlockingScheduler() # 采用阻塞的方式 reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding("utf8") # 采用corn的方式 scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='21', minute='0') ''' year (int|str) – 4-digit year month (int|str) – month (1-12) day (int|str) – day of the (1-31) week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53) day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun) hour (int|str) – hour (0-23) minute (int|str) – minute (0-59) econd (int|str) – second (0-59) start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive) timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone) * any Fire on every value */a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b) a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month last day Fire on the last day within the month x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions ''' scheduler.start()
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持易盾网络。