如何实现JavaScript中的属性私有化？

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第一种+利用闭包+函数自执行+创建+Person+构造函数+：

var Person=(function(name, gender) { var _gender; function P(name, gender) { this.name=name; _gender=gender; } P.prototype.getGender=function() { return _gender; }; return P;})();

var p1=new Person();

第一种 利用闭包+函数自执行

var Person = (function(name, gender){

var _gender;
function P(name, gender){
this.name = name;
_gender = gender;
}

P.prototype.getGender = function(){
return _gender;
}
return P;
})()


var p1 = new Person('abc', '女');
console.log(p1); // P { name: 'abc' }
console.log(p1.gender); // undefined
console.log(p1.getGender()); //女

第二种 利用ES6 新的数据类型 Symbol

var Person = (function(name, gender){

var g = Symbol('gender');
function P(name, gender){
this.name = name;
_gender = gender;
this[g] = gender;
}

P.prototype.getGender = function(){
return this[g];
}
return P;
})()


var p1 = new Person('abc', '女');
console.log(p1); //P { name: 'abc', [Symbol(gender)]: '女' }
console.log(p1.gender); //undefined
console.log(p1.getGender()); //女

2 class + Symbol

class Person{
constructor(name, gender){
this.name = name;
this[Symbol('gender')] = gender;
}

getGender(){
return this.gender;
}
}

let p = new Person('xiaoh','男');
console.log(p); // Person { name: 'xiaoh', [Symbol(gender)]: '男' }
console.log(p[Symbol('gender')]); //undefined