如何用Python编写爬虫实现有道翻译功能？

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准备并安装爬虫库urllib，使用pip命令：bashpip install urllib

获取有道翻译链接，并获取翻译参数：pythonimport urllib.requestimport urllib.parse

url='http://fanyi.youdao.com/translate_osmartresult=dict&smartresult=r'

将需要发送的参数放在form data中：pythondata={ 'from': 'auto', 'to': 'zh-CHS', 'query': 'Hello', 'type': '1', 'doctype': 'json', 'version': '2.1', 'keyfrom': 'fanyi.web', 'action': 'FY_BY_REALTIME', 'typoResult': 'false'}

构建请求：pythonparams=urllib.parse.urlencode(data)req=urllib.request.Request(url, params.encode('utf-8'))

发送请求并获取响应：pythonresponse=urllib.request.urlopen(req)result=response.read().decode('utf-8')

准备

首先安装爬虫urllib库

pip install urllib

获取有道翻译的链接url

需要发送的参数在form data里

示例

import urllib.request import urllib.parse url = 'fanyi.youdao.com/translate_o?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule' data = {} data['i'] = 'i love python' data['from'] = 'AUTO' data['to'] = 'AUTO' data['smartresult'] = 'dict' data['client'] = 'fanyideskweb' data['salt'] = '16057996372935' data['sign'] = '0965172abb459f8c7a791df4184bf51c' data['lts'] = '1605799637293' data['bv'] = 'f7d97c24a497388db1420108e6c3537b' data['doctype'] = 'json' data['version'] = '2.1' data['keyfrom'] = 'fanyi.web' data['action'] = 'FY_BY_REALTlME' data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8') response = urllib.request.urlopen(url,data) html = response.read().decode('utf-8') print(html)

运行会出现50的错误，这里需要将url链接的_o删除掉

删除后运行成功

但是这个结果看起来还是太复杂，需要在进行优化

导入json，然后转换成字典进行过滤

import urllib.request import urllib.parse import json url = 'fanyi.youdao.com/translate?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule' data = {} data['i'] = 'i love python' data['from'] = 'AUTO' data['to'] = 'AUTO' data['smartresult'] = 'dict' data['client'] = 'fanyideskweb' data['salt'] = '16057996372935' data['sign'] = '0965172abb459f8c7a791df4184bf51c' data['lts'] = '1605799637293' data['bv'] = 'f7d97c24a497388db1420108e6c3537b' data['doctype'] = 'json' data['version'] = '2.1' data['keyfrom'] = 'fanyi.web' data['action'] = 'FY_BY_REALTlME' data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8') response = urllib.request.urlopen(url,data) html = response.read().decode('utf-8') req = json.loads(html) result = req['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt'] print(result)

但是这个程序只能翻译一个单词，用完就废了。于是我在进行优化

import urllib.request import urllib.parse import json def translate(): centens = input('输入要翻译的语句:') url = 'fanyi.youdao.com/translate?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule' head = {}#增加请求头，防反爬虫 head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36' data = {}#带上from data的数据进行请求 data['i'] = centens data['from'] = 'AUTO' data['to'] = 'AUTO' data['smartresult'] = 'dict' data['client'] = 'fanyideskweb' data['salt'] = '16057996372935' data['sign'] = '0965172abb459f8c7a791df4184bf51c' data['lts'] = '1605799637293' data['bv'] = 'f7d97c24a497388db1420108e6c3537b' data['doctype'] = 'json' data['version'] = '2.1' data['keyfrom'] = 'fanyi.web' data['action'] = 'FY_BY_REALTlME' data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8') req = urllib.request.Request(url,data,head) response = urllib.request.urlopen(req) html = response.read().decode('utf-8') req = json.loads(html) result = req['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt'] # print(f'中英互译的结果：{result}') return result t = translate() print(f'中英互译的结果：{t}')

优化完成，效果还行。

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