如何进行爬虫实践2的深入学习和应用？

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在前一篇博客中，探讨了从《科幻百科学》中爬取baby类百科学的可能性。现在，需要同时爬取所有类别的百科学时，应该如何操作呢？简单来说，可以创建一个网址列表和一个类别名列表，然后进行遍历爬取数据即可！

在前一篇博客中，爬了谣言百科中baby类的百科，现在要同时爬所有类别的百科时应该怎么做呢？

无非是添加一个网址list，和一个类别名list，然后进行遍历爬取数据即可！

上代码：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Spyder Editor

This is a temporary script file.
"""
from urllib import request
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
#import sys
import codecs

if __name__ == "__main__":
urlList = ['www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/health','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/food','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/baby','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/science','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/life','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/legend','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/news','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/car','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/love','www.yaoyanbaike.com/category/sexual']
fileNameList = ['health','food','baby','science','life','legend','news','car','love','sexual']
categoryNum = 0
while(categoryNum < 9):
text_file_number = 0 # 同一类新闻下的索引数
number = 1 # 同类别新闻不同页面下的索引数
while (number <= 6):
if number==1: # 第一个新闻下地址是baby不是baby_数字所以要区分判断一下
get_url = urlList[categoryNum] + '.html'
else:
get_url = urlList[categoryNum] + '_' + str(number) + '.html' #这个是baby_数字，number就是目录索引数
head = {} #设置头
head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.1.1; Nexus 7 Build/JRO03D) AppleWebKit/535.19 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/18.0.1025.166 Safari/535.19'
# 模拟浏览器模式，定制请求头
download_req_get = request.Request(url = get_url, headers = head)# 设置Request

download_response_get = request.urlopen(download_req_get)# 设置urlopen获取页面所有内容
download_html_get = download_response_get.read().decode('UTF-8','ignore') # UTF-8模式读取获取的页面信息标签和内容

soup_texts = BeautifulSoup(download_html_get, 'lxml') # BeautifulSoup读取页面html标签和内容的信息

for link in soup_texts.find_all(["a"]):
print(str(text_file_number)+ " " + str(number) + " "+ link.get('href'))# 打印文件地址用于测试

s = link.get('href')
if s.find("/a/") == -1:
print("无效网址") # 只有包含"/a/"字符的才是有新闻的有效地址
else:
download_url = link.get('href')
head = {}
head['User-Agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 4.1.1; Nexus 7 Build/JRO03D) AppleWebKit/535.19 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/18.0.1025.166 Safari/535.19'
download_req = request.Request(url = "www.yaoyanbaike.com" + download_url, headers = head)
print("www.yaoyanbaike.com" + download_url)
download_response = request.urlopen(download_req)
download_html = download_response.read().decode('UTF-8','ignore')
soup_texts = BeautifulSoup(download_html, 'lxml')
texts = soup_texts.find_all('article')
soup_text = BeautifulSoup(str(texts), 'lxml')
p = re.compile("<[^>]+>")
text=p.sub("", str(soup_text))# 去除页面标签

f1 = codecs.open('F:\\test\\' + fileNameList[categoryNum] + '\\' +str(text_file_number)+'.txt','w','UTF-8') # 将信息存储在本地

f1.write(text)
f1.close()
text_file_number = text_file_number + 1
number = number + 1
categoryNum = categoryNum + 1

当然，自己应提前建好类别的文件夹，如图：

然后运行即可得到数据！